Multi-State Cooperation in Rural Development Programming

Multi-objective Modeling Based on Competition Airlines Cooperation by Game Theory and Sustainable Development Approach

In each time period, the demand of passengers for each route are finite and airlines compete for earning more profits. The complex competition among airlines causes problems, such as complicating flight planning and increasing empty seats for some routes. These problems increase air pollution and fuel consumption. To solve these problems, this research studies the cooperation of the airlines wi...

Position of Rural Development in Development Plans

In Iran, new centralization characteristic, especially during Pahlavi dynasty, has been convergence and its vast use in bureaucracy. Historical sociological studies have consensus on the issues of centralization, power centralization, and political sovereignty in Iran; however, these issues have some divisional interruptions and different levels of strength in some parts of the history. This es...

Journal of Rural Cooperation

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the productivity change for agricultural cooperatives in Japan measured by nonparametric outputoriented Malmquist indices of total factor productivity. The productivity change is decomposed into technical change and technical efficiency change. Linear programming techniques are used to calculate the productivity change using a panel data set for 49 agricu...

Journal of Rural Cooperation

The effects of climate change on future water availability and water quality are not well understood, making the development of watershed management plans difficult for decision-makers. Agricultural best management practices (BMPs) are commonly implemented to mitigate non-point source (NPS) pollution, but future effectiveness is unknown due to climate change. To address these problems, the foll...

Rural Development in Contemporary Iran 1950-2010